سامانه همایش های موسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی

صفحه اصلی / سومین همایش ملی پژوهش های کاربردی امنیت غذایی: فرآوری، ایمنی و سلامت

A Comparison of National Standards and Policy Regulations in Iran with Other Countries Worldwide

نویسندگان :

Alireza Karbasi2002@Yahoo.com¹ ََamene Nazari²

1- دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد 2- دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

کلمات کلیدی :

National Standards،Environmental Policy،Making،Iran،United States،European،Union،China،EPI Index

چکیده :

Environmental protection, as one of the main challenges of the 21st century, requires coherent policy-making and effective national standards. This research aims to compare the national standards and environmental protection policy laws in Iran with selected countries worldwide (United States, European Union, and China). The research method is a comparative-analytical approach, focusing on content analysis of legal documents and national standards. Data were collected from reliable sources such as Iran's Department of Environment, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the European Commission, and China's Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Findings indicate that Iran has made progress in general protection laws (e.g., the Environmental Protection and Improvement Act of 1974), but faces challenges in implementing quantitative standards (e.g., permissible limits for air and water pollutants) due to economic sanctions and technological shortages. In comparison, the United States emphasizes environmental impact assessments (NEPA 1969), the European Union enforces stringent directives like REACH (2006), and China implements the Environmental Protection Law (1989, revised 2014) with higher standards in enforcement and monitoring. The Environmental Performance Index (EPI 2024) ranks Iran 119th out of 180 countries, while the US ranks 34th, the EU averages 22nd, and China ranks 120th. This comparison underscores the need for reforming Iran's laws to align with global standards. Recommendations include strengthening judicial oversight, investing in green technologies, and fostering international cooperation.