چهارمین همایش ملی پژوهش های کاربردی امنیت غذایی: فرآوری، ایمنی و سلامت

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کد مقاله 1218

عنوان Organic Acids in Poultry Gut Health: A Review of Antimicrobial Activity, Microbiota Modulation, and Intestinal Barrier Function

نویسندگان Hamed Jafarzadeh - Maziyar Mostafavi

چکیده Global restrictions on antibiotic growth promoters have intensified interest in dietary organic acids as safe, effective alternatives for maintaining poultry gut health. This review synthesizes current evidence on three interconnected mechanisms through which organic acids influence gastrointestinal health: antimicrobial activity, gut microbiota modulation, and intestinal barrier function. Organic acids disrupt bacterial pH homeostasis and membrane integrity, selectively suppressing pathogens such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens while sparing beneficial acid-tolerant genera including Lactobacillus. This selective pressure promotes a more favorable gut microbial ecosystem, enhancing short-chain fatty acid production and reducing opportunistic colonization. Furthermore, organic acids strengthen intestinal barrier integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins such as claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1, and by improving villus morphology, particularly under enteric disease challenge. However, efficacy varies considerably depending on acid type, dosage, delivery form, and combination with other feed additives, with coated and microencapsulated formulations generally outperforming free-acid forms in targeting distal gut segments. This review highlights the interconnected nature of these mechanisms, identifies key factors influencing efficacy, and outlines future research directions including standardized challenge models and multi-omics approaches needed to optimize organic acid application as a sustainable, antibiotic-free strategy for poultry gut health management.

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