چهارمین همایش ملی پژوهش های کاربردی امنیت غذایی: فرآوری، ایمنی و سلامت

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کد مقاله 1144

عنوان From In-Vitro Potency to Real-Food Efficacy: Understanding the Translation of Postbiotic Antimicrobial Activity in Food Matrices

نویسندگان Mir-Hassan Moosavy - Zeynab Kazempour

چکیده Postbiotics have emerged as promising antimicrobial tools for food preservation, but activity observed under controlled in-vitro conditions does not necessarily translate into equivalent efficacy in real foods. This review examines the factors governing this translation, with emphasis on preparation identity, antimicrobial mechanisms, food-matrix effects, effective microbial exposure, delivery strategies, and real-food performance. Evidence from meat, dairy, and seafood applications shows that postbiotic efficacy can follow different translation patterns, including strong translation, target-specific activity, preparation-dependent performance, delivery-dependent efficacy, and matrix- or storage-dependent responses. These findings indicate that antimicrobial efficacy is not an intrinsic and universally transferable property of a postbiotic preparation. Rather, it emerges from interactions among the preparation, target microorganism, food matrix, delivery system, and storage conditions. Based on this perspective, a five-stage evaluation framework is proposed encompassing intrinsic potency, matrix compatibility, effective exposure, real-food efficacy, and technological feasibility. The review also identifies key research gaps, particularly the lack of standardized preparation reporting, harmonized potency metrics, direct measurement of effective antimicrobial exposure, and systematic validation in realistic food matrices. A systematic evaluation approach may therefore provide a more predictive basis for developing postbiotics as practical and technologically feasible food-preservation strategies.

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